1.语文

一年级-上册

2.数学

3.英语

一年级-下册

日语

ドラえもん

英语 自然拼读

作者：Dolores Kleinholz
插图：John Kastner

Written by Dolores Kleinholz
 Illustrated by John Kastner

路易斯从床上跳下来，穿上衣服。他整年都在盼望这一天----迪尔湖钓鱼比赛。去年，其他小孩都钓到了鱼，获得了奖品，但是路易斯没有。没有一条鱼上钩，他失望地回到家。

Luis leaped out of bed and yanked on
his clothes. He had been impatient for
this day all year—today was the Deer
Lake Fishing Derby! Last year, other
kids had caught fish and received
prizes, but not Luis. Not one fish had
nibbled on his line, and he had gone
home disappointed.

爸爸大声喊道：“路易斯，快点！”“我们不要迟到！”爸爸抓起一顶白色高顶厨师帽戴在头上，跑向车子，他的红色围裙像超级英雄的披风随风飘舞。每年爸爸都会在钓鱼比赛期间做热狗和汉堡包。

“Hurry up, Luis!” Dad hollered. “We
don’t want to be late!” Dad perched a
tall, white chef's hat on his head, his red
apron flapping like a superhero's cape
 as he hurried to the car. Every year, Dad
cooked hot dogs and hamburgers at the
derby picnic.

在迪尔湖边，钓鱼比赛这天像盛大的节日。许多孩子，大孩子，小孩子，准备开始钓鱼。路易斯的秘密计划能否帮他赢得比赛？杜根警官宣布比赛开始，他也负责统计孩子们钓上的鱼的情况。

At Deer Lake, it was a superb day for
the fishing derby. There were so many
kids, big and small, ready to fish. Would
Luis's totally secret plan help him win
a prize?
 Police Chief Dugan was the announcer
 and would measure all the fish that
the kids landed.

迪尔湖钓鱼比赛开始了。所有的孩子，除了路易斯，争先恐后，跑向湖边，开始钓鱼。路易斯沿着河边走，远离喧闹的人群，直到他找到一处隐蔽的地方，他可以独自钓鱼。

The Deer Lake Derby had begun! All
the kids, except Luis, scrambled to the
lake and began to fish. Luis walked
along the water's edge, away from the
noisy crowd, until he found a secluded
spot where he could fish alone.

美雪兴奋地说：“看，我就钓到一条鱼。”“大奖是我的了！”美雪兴奋地上串下跳，杜根警官测量好鱼，迅速地放生，他笑着说：“米雪，真是条漂亮的鱼，但是，记住，比赛还没结束呢。”

“Look, I caught a fish already,” Miyuki
yelled. “The grand prize is mine!” She
jumped up and down with excitement
 as Chief Dugan measured the fish
 and then quickly released it. “It's an
impressive fish, Miyuki,” he said with
a grin, “but remember, the derby isn't
over yet.”

路易斯离其他人很远，他静静地站着钓鱼。扑通~扑通！发生什么事情了？路易斯好奇地朝其他孩子看去。扑通！卡洛斯滑倒，掉到水里。扑通！艾米利亚把鱼竿掉了。扑通！一个嚎啕大哭的学步孩童把他的娃娃丢进水里。扑通！基南从他站着的树上掉到水里。

Fishing far from the others, Luis stood
quietly. SPLISH, SPLASH! What was
going on? Curious, Luis looked over
toward the other kids.
 SPLASH! Carlos had slipped and fallen
into the water.
 SPLASH! Amelia had dropped her
fishing pole.
 SPLASH! A crying toddler had thrown
her doll into the water.
 SPLASH! Keenan had fallen off the log
he had been perched on.

路易斯忽视喧闹，专注在他的鱼线上面。还没有鱼。路易斯安静地，耐心地等待好长一段时间。仍然没有鱼上钩。如果他的秘密计划不管用怎么办？

Luis ignored the uproar and focused
his attention on his fishing pole. No fish
yet. Luis waited quietly and patiently 
for a long time. Still no fish. What if his
unbelievably secret plan didn't work?

我拉，我拉，我拉！一条大鱼咬住了鱼线上的鱼饵。很小心地，路易斯收上线来，他钓上了一条他从未见过的巨大的鱼。

Tug, tug, tug! A huge fish bit and
 tugged at the worm on Luis's fishing
line. Very carefully, Luis reeled in the
most enormous fish he'd ever seen.

杜根警官快速跑过来，测量这条滑溜溜的银鱼大小，然后把它放回河里。通过扩音器，他宣布迪尔湖钓鱼比赛结束，同时，他宣布了幸运的赢家。因为抓到了最大的一条鱼，路易斯赢得了最大的奖---一辆崭新的自行车。

Chief Dugan raced over and measured
the sleek silver fish, and then slipped it
back into the water. Over the bullhorn,
he declared the Deer Lake Fishing Derby
over and announced the lucky winners.
 For catching the biggest fish of the day,
 Luis won the grand prize . . . a new bike!

爸爸很开心。他手里拿着汉堡包在烤架上翻转，问：“路易斯，你的计划是什么？”“是因为幸运，还是你用了特别的引诱鱼儿上钩的鱼饵？”
路易斯笑了，骑上那崭新的自行车。他说：“我在等吵闹的孩子把受惊的鱼儿都赶到我这边。”“事实和我预算的一样。我的超级机密计划得以完美地实现。”

Dad was so happy. “What was
your plan, Luis?” he said, flipping
hamburgers on the hot grill. “Did
you use a lucky worm or your special
fishing lure?”
 Luis grinned and climbed on his shiny
new bike. “I waited for the noisy kids to
 frighten all the fish over to me,” he said.
“And they sure did. My super-secret
plan worked great!”

但是今年，路易斯决意要赢，他有一个计划-很大的一个计划，秘密的，他没告诉任何一个人，甚至他的爸爸。

But this year Luis was determined to
win, and he had a secret plan— a plan
that was so super-secret, he hadn't told
a single soul, not even his dad.

杜根警官拿着扩音器说：三等奖是颁给最小的鱼，二等奖是给第一位钓到鱼的选手，最大的奖将颁给今天钓上的最大的鱼的选手。祝你们好运，孩子们。不要跟着你们的鱼竿跑。预备，开始！

“Third prize is for the
smallest fish,” Chief Dugan announced
over a bullhorn. “Second prize is for the
first fish caught, and the grand prize is
for the biggest fish caught today. Good
luck, kids, and no running with your
fishing poles. Ready, set . . . GO!”

他选了一个胖胖的鱼饵，把鱼线抛向水中，等待。大多数小孩子都涌向钓鱼码头，他们的鱼线在水中相互缠绕，纠在一起。

He put a fat worm on his hook, tossed
it into the water, and waited. Most of
the kids had crowded onto the fishing
pier, their fishing lines crisscrossing and
getting tangled in the water.

The Fishing Derby

Written by Elizabeth Austin
 Illustrated by Maria Voris

Introduction
 A kite is one of the oldest,
 simplest toys. People all
 around the world enjoy flying
 kites. Kites come in every
 size, shape, and color you can
 imagine. Did you know that
 kites are designed to be both
 toys and tools? Some kites
 are made to be art as well.

History of Kites
 Kites were named after a bird with wide wings that soars
high in the sky on air currents. No one knows who made
the first kite. But Chinese writers wrote about them over
2,000 years ago.

One famous Chinese legend tells a story
 about a man who used a kite to attack a fort. He couldn’t
find a way to get inside. So he tied himself to a huge kite
and flew over the fort’s wall! The soldiers were terrified
 to see a man flying, so they ran away.

There is a famous story about 
 the American diplomat and 
 inventor Ben Franklin. He used 
 a kite to prove his idea that 
 lightning was made of electric
 current. He tied a metal key to 
 a kite string. Then he and his son 
 flew the kite during a thunderstorm.

Electricity from the storm 
 clouds ran down the wet 
 string to the metal key. 
 When he reached toward 
 the key, he got a surprise. 
 The electricity jumped from 
 the key and gave him
 a shock! Do not try this 
 dangerous experiment yourself.
 When Ben Franklin tried 
 it again, he was hurt badly.

Many Uses for Kites
 People sometimes used kites for fishing. They put a
 fishhook and bait on the long kite tail. Then they 
 sailed the kite far from shore. The kite tail dragged 
 in the water,so the fish could see the bait. It bit the 
 bait and was caught, and then the kite was pulled in.

Weather kites carried scientific instruments 
 into the sky. They recorded wind speed and 
 temperature high in the clouds.

Years ago, some armies used
 kites with cameras attached
 to spy on enemy troops.Kites 
 were also used as flying
 targets for shooting practice.
 These special kites could
 turn and dodge bullets,
 imitating the movements
 of fighter planes.

Today, kites are used mostly for fun. There is a kite design
 for everyone. You’ll discover that different shapes of kites
 fly in different ways. Flat, diamond-shaped kites fly easily
 and smoothly. Rectangular box kites hang still in the air
 for a long time.

Stunt kites twist and twirl on many strings. Large parafoil
kites are like parachutes. Giant dragon kites flutter.
Fighting kites can be used to cut other kites’ strings.

Make Your Own Kite
 You’ll need:
 1.two lightweight, smooth sticks,
 one 3 feet (90 cm) long, the
 other 2 feet (60 cm)
 2.a large plastic trash bag, cut open
 3.a long strip of lightweight
 cloth or plastic for the tail
 4.scissors
 5.strong tape
 6.a very long string

Step 1:
 Form a cross shape
 with the sticks. 
 Wrap tape around the
 sticks where they meet.

Step 2:
 Cut off a 4-foot (120 cm) piece of
 string. Tape each end of the string
 to each end of the long stick. This
 string is called the bridle. Tie one
 end of the rest of the string to the
 middle of the bridle.
 Step 3:
 Lay the cross on the open plastic
 bag. Cut a diamond shape
 around it. Make sure to cut the
 diamond shape wider than the
 ends of the sticks.

Step 4:
 Fold the corners of the diamond over the ends of the sticks. Tape
the corners tightly to the sticks.
 Step 5:
 For a tail, tape the strip of cloth or plastic
to the bottom of the kite.

Kite Safety
 1.Remember to choose an open,
safe place to fly your kite.
 2.Don’t fly it near power lines.
 3.Keep it away from trees, roads,
and airports.
 4.Don’t fly a kite in the rain or
when you hear thunder.
 5.Be sure nothing is on the ground
to trip over.

All About Kites

What Is Asthma?
 Asthma is a disease that makes
 it difficult for a person to breathe.
When people breathe, air makes its
way through the nose or mouth to
the lungs. Air moves in and out of
 the lungs through special tubes.

These tubes swell and become
 narrow during an asthma attack.
 Because of this, less air moves into
and out of the lungs. People with
asthma might wheeze or cough.
Their chest might feel tight. They
may have a hard time breathing.
A bad asthma attack can last for
days or even cause death.

People with Asthma
 About 235 million children and
adults around the world have
asthma. Asthma can show up in a
person at any age. About one child
out of every ten in the United States
has asthma.

About half of these children will see their asthma get
 better as they grow older. However, their symptoms often 
 return when they become older adults. One adult
 in twelve has asthma. Each year, more people in 
 the United States and around the world get asthma.

Doctors do not know how people
 get asthma. They do know that it
 cannot be passed from one person
 to another like a cold. However,
 the disease often runs in families.
 If both parents have asthma, their
 children are more likely to have it.
 People who are around cigarette
 smoke are also more likely to
 develop asthma.

The Causes of Attacks
 Many things can cause asthma
attacks. These triggers are different
from person to person. Dust,
animals, pollen, or mold can cause
an attack for many people. Cigarette
smoke, fumes from cars, and other
strong smells are also common
triggers. Coming down with a cold
 or the flu can often bring on an
attack as well. Exercise can cause
an asthma attack in some people.

Keeping Asthma Under Control
 Most people with asthma learn to
control the disease. They often start
by meeting with their doctor to
create an action plan. Each person’s
action plan is a little different. It can
 include a person’s triggers and how
to avoid them. It can also include
the kinds of medicines a person
uses and how to use them correctly.

People use different medicines
 to control asthma. Some people
 take pills every day. Others may
 take pills only when they feel the
symptoms of asthma. Many people
use inhalers. These devices spray a
mist of medicine that is breathed in.
 Inhalers may be used daily or only
 when a person has an asthma attack.

Do You Know?
 Some people use a
nebulizer (NEB-yuh-ly-zer)
to control asthma. Like
inhalers, these machines
 deliver a mist of medicine
 that is breathed in. Unlike
 inhalers, these machines
 use power and can
 deliver larger amounts
 of medicine over a
longer time.

Another important part of keeping
asthma under control is staying
healthy. Exercise, a healthy diet,
and plenty of sleep can help keep
 asthma under control.

Living with Asthma
 People with asthma can do
 anything that anyone else can.
 Many famous athletes have asthma.
 Jerome “The Bus” Bettis was
 fourteen when doctors told him
 he had asthma. It did not stop
 him from becoming a Super Bowl
 champion.

Amy Van Dyken was an Olympic
 swimmer for the United States. She
has asthma and won six gold medals.
When she was a child, her doctor
said that she should start swimming
to make her lungs stronger.

People with asthma have 
 climbed the tallest mountains. 
 They have explored the deep 
 waters of the ocean. They have 
 led countries and made 
 discoveries that have changed
 the world. With an action plan and
 a healthy lifestyle, asthma 
 doesn’t have to slow anyone down.

Asthma

A Little History
 You’ve seen them marching
through grass and across sidewalks.
 You may have even seen them
 crawling over your kitchen counter.
We’re talking about ants—tiny,
strong, awesome ants.

Ants are about 100 million years
 old. They were crawling around
 under the dinosaurs! Between then
 and now, they’ve changed a lot.
 Today, over 10,000 species of ants
 live on every continent except
 Antarctica. They have been able
 to survive so long because of 
 their bodies and how they live.

Body Parts
 Like all insects, ants have six legs
and three body parts. The back part
of their body is the abdomen. This
part holds the heart and stomach.
Some ants have stingers that they
use to protect themselves.

Their three pairs of legs attach to the
middle part, called the thorax. Each
leg has little hooks that allow ants
to climb almost anything. Ants can
even hear with their legs by feeling
vibrations through the ground.

The head contains the brain, 
 two eyes, antennae, and jaws. 
 The jaws open and close like 
 scissors. They are used for 
 cutting and carrying things. 
 Ants can lift more than
 twenty times their own weight.
 Ants also have other mouthparts
 for chewing food and drinking.

The two eyes are each made 
 up of many smaller eyes. 
 Even though ants have so 
 many eyes, they can’t see 
 very well. Instead, they use
 their antennae to get around. 
 The antennae are like 
 all-in-one sense machines. 
 Ants use them to taste, smell, 
 hear, and communicate with
 other ants through touching. 
 The long, thin antennae are 
 always moving around.

Let’s Talk
 Ants communicate with 
 each other in three ways: 
 touch, sound, and smell. 
 Ants touch each other with
 their antennae in different 
 ways to send different messages. 
 They can also make noises to 
 communicate by rubbing their 
 legs together or on their bodies.

The main way ants communicate is by smell. They release 
 chemicals that other ants can smell long after the first 
 ant is gone. Different smells send different messages. 
 For example, a crushed ant releases
 chemicals that attract other ants.

The chemicals also make the other ants attack anything 
 nearby that might be a danger. An ant that has found food 
 will lay down a trail of chemicals for other ants to follow. 
 The trail allows them to find the food and return to the colony.

One Big,Happy Family
 Ant colonies are filled with activity.
 Usually built underground, they have 
 many different rooms, which all have
 different uses. Some rooms store food, 
 while others are used to care for 
 the young. Colonies even have 
 rooms for ants to relax in.

Within the colony, every ant has a job. Worker ants and 
 soldier ants find food and protect the nest. These are 
 usually the ants you see above the ground. Other ants 
 build the nest, take care of the young, and do other jobs. 
 All these ants are female, but only one is allowed to 
 lay eggs: the queen. In other words, all the ants in
 a colony are related.

What About the Boys?
 Male ants have only one purpose in most
 colonies: to mate with the queen. Once they’ve
 done their duty, most male ants simply die.

The Queen
 The queen is the leader of the colony. The largest 
 of all the ants, queens are egg-laying machines.
 Some queens can lay thousands of eggs every day. 
 They can also live longer than any other
 insect—over twenty-five years.

I Can Fly!
 Some young queens have wings that they use to fly off 
 and start new colonies. The wings fall off when 
 the queens start laying eggs.Some males can also fly. 
 When they land near a colony, worker ants rip the wings 
 off. Then they rush the male to the queen so the two can
 mate before the male dies.

Yep, Ants Are Awesome
 Ants may be small, but they 
 can do awesome things. 
 Thousands or millions of 
 ants working together
 can build bridges or 
 float across rivers. They 
 can overpower animals
 hundreds of times their 
 own size for food.

Let’s Go Floating
 Not even water can stop 
 some ants. They climb on top
 of each other and link their 
 legs until they form a raft or 
 bridge made of their own bodies.

So the next time you come 
 across a trail of ants, 
 stop and watch or, better yet, 
 follow them. When you see 
 what these little gals are 
 capable of, you’ll understand 
 just how awesome they are.

Awesome Ants

Introduction 
Good night. Sleep tight. 
Don't let the bedbugs bite! 
These words were just an old 
rhyme a few years ago. Bedbugs (or
“bed bugs”) were hard to find. But
today these words are good advice. 
Bedbugs have returned. These little 
pests are causing big problems in 
cities all over the world.

What Are Bedbugs? 
Bedbugs are brown, crawling 
insects that grow to be about the 
size of apple seeds. They hide in 
tight spaces during the day and 
are active at night. As their name 
suggests, bedbugs often live in 
people’s beds. They might be 
hiding under your mattress. 
Bedbugs bite people or other 
animals to drink their blood.

Bedbugs are not attracted to dirt 
or garbage. They don't care if their 
hiding spots are fancy or plain. 
People who keep their homes clean 
can get them. People with a lot 
of money or a little money can 
get them. Even movie stars get 
bedbugs!

Unlike mosquitoes, which fly 
around to find their meals, bedbugs
like the easy life. They bite when 
a person is quiet and still. Their
victims may be sleeping in bed or 
sitting quietly, watching TV.

Bedbug Life Cycle 
It doesn't take very long for a few 
bedbugs to become a lot of bedbugs. 
A female bedbug can lay more than 
two hundred eggs in her lifetime. 
The eggs hatch in six to ten days. 
When a bedbug eats, its body swells
up.

As it digests its food, its body 
shrinks. As a bedbug grows up, its 
outer skin becomes too tight for its 
body. When this happens, the bug 
molts, or sheds, its outer skin. A
bedbug molts five times before it 
is an adult. 
A developing bedbug can go for 
months without eating. An adult 
bedbug can go for a year without 
food. But if a bedbug lives near 
people, it will eat every day.

World Travelers 
Bedbugs can't fly. They only walk
as fast as ladybugs. But these little
critters travel all over the world.
How do they do it? They sneak
rides with people who are traveling.

A suitcase or moving box makes 
a good hiding spot for a bedbug. 
If a family brings that suitcase to 
a hotel, the bugs may crawl out. 
Some of the bedbugs might find 
hiding spots in the hotel. Some 
might hide in another person's 
suitcase and go home with them. 
Once they get to a new home, 
bedbugs travel from room to room 
by squeezing through tiny cracks in
the walls or floors.

Getting Rid of Bedbugs 
It's easy to spot bedbug bites. Many
people get red, itchy bumps on
their skin when they are bitten. But
it's not as easy to spot the bedbugs. 
They can hide in tiny places and
only come out when it's dark. But
there are ways to find them.

Bedbugs often leave clues that they 
are around. If you look closely, you 
may find shed skin and dark spots 
of dried excrement, or poop, near 
their hiding areas. But the best 
way to find them is to hire a special
dog.

Some dogs are trained to smell
bedbugs. They sniff all over homes
or hotel rooms. When they smell
bedbugs, they place a paw on the
spot. Once the bugs are discovered, 
people can get rid of them with
steam or chemicals.

Conclusion 
Bedbugs are becoming common 
again in cities around the world. 
They are biting more people. Their 
bites don't hurt, and they usually 
don't spread germs or disease. But
it's still not nice to get them; they
can itch—a lot.

Things You Can Do: 
1. Tell an adult if you find bites or other clues 
that bedbugs are nearby. 
2. Wash your sheets, blankets, pillowcases,
and bedspreads in hot water and dry
them in a hot dryer.

3. Vacuum your mattress, bedframe, 
baseboards, and couches. 
4. Wrap your mattress in a bedbug-proof
mattress cover. 
5. When staying in a hotel room, keep your
clothes inside a closed suitcase and don't 
leave the suitcase on the bed or the floor.

If you do get bedbug bites, try to not 
scratch them. They can get infected 
if they are scratched open. And 
remember, you are not alone. People 
all over the world get bedbug bites. 
That’s why for years people have 
said, “Good night. Sleep tight. Don't
let the bedbugs bite!”

Bedbugs Bite!

Introduction
 Animals use senses to find food and stay out of danger. 
 Our senses tell us what is happening with our bodies and 
 in the world around us. You probably know about the five 
 basic senses: hearing, sight, smell, touch, and taste. 
 Did you know that animals can also have many other senses? 
 Some of these senses are common to most animals. Others
 are rare and amazing.

Body-Position Sense
 Without looking, do you know 
 where your left foot is right 
 now? You can answer this 
 question because your brain 
 senses where your body parts 
 are. Without this sense, 
 an animal would not be able
 to move and do interesting 
 things with its body.

Pain Sense
 Pain might seem as though 
 it’s part of the sense of touch, 
 but it isn’t. People and other 
 animals can feel pain even when 
 nothing is touching them. Pain 
 helps us by letting us know that 
 we’ve been hurt. It can also 
 warn us to stop or change what
 we are doing before we get hurt.

Sense of Balance
 Humans and many other 
 animals have tubes inside 
 their ears that give them 
 a sense of balance. Other
 senses, such as sight and 
 knowing where your body 
 parts are, make balancing 
 easier. That is why balancing 
 is more difficult when
 your eyes are closed or 
 your leg is “asleep.”

Temperature Sense
 Sensing hot and cold is 
 important for many animals. 
 Some bats and snakes have 
 special heat sensors that 
 can help them find prey. 
 A rattlesnake can “feel” 
 the heat of a mouse’s body 
 from over a foot away.

Time Sense
 Scientists think humans
 have the best sense of 
 time, but there’s a 
 chance that other animals 
 sense it, too. For 
 example, dogs and cats 
 sometimes seem to sense 
 when it’s time for their 
 owners to come home.

Using Sounds to “See”
 Some animals use sounds 
 to “see”the things around 
 them, even deep underwater 
 or in the dark. By making 
 sounds and listening to
 echoes, these animals can 
 tell where things are. Some 
 bats, dolphins, whales, and 
 birds have this special sense.

Bonus-Color Vision
 Did you know that 
 nature has more colors 
 than the human eye can 
 see? Some birds and 
 insects can see those 
 extra colors. Seeing 
 extra colors helps these 
 animals find food
 or attract mates.

Whisker Sense
 Whiskers on animals 
 aren’t just cute. 
 Whiskers help animals 
 to sense movement in 
 the air or water around 
 them. Whiskers can also
 help animals squeeze 
 through small spaces or 
 catch other animals with
 their mouths.

Electric-Field Sense
 Every animal’s body gives 
 off a weak electric field. 
 Humans and most other animals 
 can’t sense these fields, 
 but some animals that live 
 in water can. Some sharks 
 can find fish hiding in 
 the sand on the ocean floor 
 just by using this sense.

Magnetic-Field Sense
 The needle in a compass 
 always points north 
 because of Earth’s
 magnetic field. Some 
 animals have a kind of 
 natural compass built 
 into their bodies. These 
 animals can always “feel” 
 which way is north, so 
 they can travel long 
 distances without 
getting lost.

Conclusion
 There are many senses 
 beyond hearing, sight, 
 smell, touch, and taste. 
 As you explore the world,
 think about the extra 
 senses that animals, 
 including you, use
 every day.

Beyond the Five Senses

作者：Kate Follett
插图：John Walker

Written by Kate Follett
 Illustrated by John Walker

神话背后的男人
在你的脑海里描绘一个海盗的形象。
你是不是想到了一个戴着眼罩和黑帽子，背着鹦鹉的人？
那幅五彩斑斓的图片不仅仅出现在卡通或电影里。


The Man Behind the Myth
 Picture a pirate in your mind. 
 Do you think of a man with an 
 eye patch, a parrot, and black hat? 
 That colorful picture is not 
 just from cartoons or the movies.

成为黑胡子
人们并不知道很多关于那个叫做黑胡子的人的事。
大概是在1680年的时候，他可能出生在英格兰的布里斯托尔。
他的真名叫做爱德华·蒂奇。
有时候他的名字也被拼写成Thatch或者Teache。

Becoming Blackbeard
 Not many facts are known about
the man who was called Blackbeard.
 He may have been born in Bristol,
England, around 1680. 
 His real name was Edward Teach.
 Sometimes his name was spelled Thatch or Teache.

爱德华·蒂奇成为了一名水手-
过着拿着一丁点儿钱的，非常艰苦的生活。
他很快成了一个英国的私掠船长，
为英格兰抢劫敌人的船。
那使得他与本杰明·霍利格尔德船长共事，本杰明·霍利格尔德船长是一个著名的英国海盗。

Edward Teach became a sailor–
 a very hard life that paid little money. 
 He soon became an English privateer, 
 robbing enemy ships for England. 
 That led to a job with
 Captain Benjamin Hornigold,
 a famous English pirate.

做个海盗还是私掠船长？
许多国家在与其他国家的战争期间，会雇佣水手作为私掠船长。
法律规定，私掠船长可以攻击敌人的船只。
他们可以把俘虏的最好的船只收编到他们国家的海军中，
可以出售船只携带的物品。


Pirate or Privateer?
 Many countries hired sailors as privateers 
 during wars with other countries.
 By law, privateers could attack enemy ships.
 They would add the best captured ships
 to their country’s navy, 
 and sell the items the ships were carrying.

爱德华是无所畏惧，英勇大胆的。
霍利格尔德船长让他负责一艘俘虏的船只。
他们共同合作，
攻击船只，偷窃货物。
很快，他们成为了大海上最让人恐惧的海盗。

Edward was fearless and bold.
 Captain Hornigold put him 
 in charge of a captured ship. 
 The two worked as a team, 
 attacking ships and stealing cargo. 
 Soon, they were the most feared 
 pirates on the ocean.

1717年11月，
爱德华控制了一艘他们俘虏的，
很大的叫做协和号的法国船只。
他叫它安妮女王的复仇。
他在船上装了更多的大炮。
他的船现在全副武装。
在霍利格尔德退休以后，
爱德华接手了他的事业。在一年之内，
水手爱德华变成了海盗黑胡子。

In November 1717, 
 Edward took command of a large, 
 captured French ship named La Concorde. 
 He named it the Queen Anne’s Revenge
 and added more cannons to it. 
 His ship was now heavily armed.
 When Hornigold retired, 
 Edward took over. Within a year, 
 Edward the sailor had become 
 Blackbeard,the pirate.

海盗的黄金时代
在十八世纪期间，欧洲国家在加勒比海，
北美和南美地区建立了新的城镇。
英国，法国，荷兰和西班牙的货船来回地航行。
它们很容易成为海盗的目标。

The Golden Age of Piracy
 During the 1700s, 
 European countries set up new towns
in the Caribbean and North and South America.
 English, French, Dutch, and Spanish 
cargo ships sailed back and forth. 
 They were easy targets for pirates.

黑胡子统治大海
安妮女王的复仇是一艘又大又快，装满大炮的船只。
看黑胡子的脸，他自己也是很吓人的。
他是一个高大的人。
他用丝带把玻璃珠穿起来，扭进他的浓密的黑胡子里。
他甚至把发热的保险丝融合在他的胡子里，
这样他的胡子看起来好像着火了。
大部分他的受害者是如此地害怕他，
以至于他们都不战而降了。

Blackbeard Ruled the Sea
 The Queen Anne’s Revenge was large,
 fast, and had all that cannon power.
 Blackbeard himself was also a fearful
 sight to face! He was a huge man. 
 He wore beads and ribbons twisted into
 his thick, black beard. 
 He even stuck lit fuses in it, 
 so his beard looked as if it was on fire. 
 Most of his victims were so scared of him 
 that they gave up without a fight.

黑胡子侵占了一艘又一艘的船，
直到他有了四艘船和超过350个船员。
1718年5月，他的四艘船开到了
美国南卡罗来纳州的查尔斯顿境外。
一个星期，他的船只抢劫了每一艘开进或开出的船。
他俘虏了船只上的人，命令镇子里的人付钱把他们赎回去。

Blackbeard captured ship after ship
 until he had four ships 
 and a crew of over 350 men. 
 In May of 1718, 
 his four ships arrived 
 outside Charleston, South Carolina. 
 For one week, his ships robbed 
 every ship coming and going. 
 He captured people on the ships 
 and demanded that the town pay 
 to get them back.

对我来说，海盗的生活是怎样的？
黑胡子是怎么招募到这么多船员的？
大多数水手赚的钱很少，不受尊重。
如果一个海盗袭击了他们的船，
水手经常选择加入海盗的队伍！
奴隶们也很乐意成为海盗来摆脱奴隶制。
海盗们经常和他们的船员共享财富。

Pirate's Life for Me?
 How did Blackbeard get such a big crew? 
 Most sailors got little pay or respect. 
 If a pirate attacked their ship,
 sailors often chose to join the pirates! 
 Former slaves also gladly became pirates to escape slavery. 
 Pirates often shared treasure with their crews.

黑胡子计划在
北卡罗莱纳群岛以外的外滩上建立一个新的基地。
在去那里的途中，安妮皇后的复仇
被困在博福特附近的一个沙洲上。


Blackbeard planned to set up 
a new base on the Outer Banks, 
 a chain of islands off North Carolina. 
 On the way there, 
 the Queen Anne's Revenge
 got stuck on a sandbar near Beaufort.

在那个船长走了以后，
黑胡子在附近的一个岛上,留下了他的许多船员。
然后，黑胡子把船开走了，
带走了战利品。
有些人说他是故意把他的船开到了沙洲上，
他是哄骗了他的船员，
那么他就可以不与这么多的人共享财宝吗？

While that captain was away,
 Blackbeard dropped off many men
 on a nearby island. 
 Then, Blackbeard sailed off, 
 taking the loot with him.
 Some people say that Blackbeard
 ran his ship onto the sandbar on purpose. 
 Had he tricked his crew
 so he wouldn’t have to share 
 the treasure with as many people?

黑胡子的战利品
似乎爱德华·蒂奇
带着他的战利品，停止了航行。
北卡罗莱那州的州长
原谅了他过去的罪行。


Blackbeard's Capture
 It seemed that Edward Teach 
 had taken his loot and stopped sailing.
 The governor of North Carolina
forgave his past crimes.

维吉尼亚州州长，亚历山大
斯波茨伍德厌倦了
黑胡子的掠夺。
斯波茨伍德派了罗伯特·梅纳德中尉
去搜寻和捕获黑胡子。
在1718年11月22日的早上,
梅纳德的船只，兰杰号，上的船员，
看到冒险号在奥克拉科克岛附近。

The governor of Virginia, Alexander
 Spotswood, became tired of
 Blackbeard’s looting. 
 Spotswood sent Lieutenant Robert Maynard
 to find and capture Blackbeard. 
 On the morning of November 22, 1718,
 the crew of Maynard’s ship, Ranger,
 spotted the Adventure near 
 the island of Ocracoke.

黑胡子奋战了好久。
冒险号的大炮朝着梅纳德的船开火。
在战斗引发的滚滚浓烟中，
梅纳德的船员们躲了起来，
因此看起来好像他们已经被杀了。

Blackbeard fought for many hours.
 The Adventure’s cannons fired
on Maynard’s ship. 
 In the heavy smoke from the battle, 
 Maynard's men hid so it seemed 
 as if they had been killed.

黑胡子以为他赢了，
所以他爬上了兰杰号。
梅纳德的船员跑到甲板上，
徒手作战又开始了。
黑胡子浴血奋战，
但是兰梅纳德的船员太多了。
他中了5枪，最终倒地身亡。
梅纳德的船员把
黑胡子的尸体扔进了大海。

Thinking he had won, 
 Blackbeard climbed aboard the Ranger. 
 Maynard’s men ran up on deck
 and hand-to-hand fighting began.
 Blackbeard fought bravely 
 but Maynard had too many men.
 Blackbeard was shot five times
 before he finally fell dead. 
 Maynard’s men threw 
 Blackbeard’s body into the sea.

黑胡子的传说
黑胡子的名字永存世间。
就像许多海盗一样，他成为了一个法外英雄。
他的人生故事可能被隐藏在
像金银岛一样的书籍和像加勒比海盗一样的电影的主人公之后。
下次当你听到或者读到一个虚假的海盗的故事的时候，
记住一个传说背后真正的男人:黑胡子！

The Legend of Blackbeard
 Blackbeard’s name lived on.
 Like many pirates, 
 he became an outlaw hero. 
 His life story may be behind 
 characters in books such as 
 Treasure Island and movies such as 
Pirates of the Caribbean. 
 Next time you hear or read 
 about a pretend pirate,
 remember one of the real men
 behind the legend: Blackbeard!

在十八世纪初期，一个有着深色胡子，狂热眼神的海盗
的确航行在海面上。
他的名字让每个船员都闻风丧胆。
他被称为黑胡子。

In the early 1700s, 
 a pirate with a dark beard 
 and wild eyes really did sail the seas. 
 His name brought fear to 
 the hearts of sailors. 
 He was known as Blackbeard.

私掠船长会得到一小部分的回报，
但是他们必须遵循战争的特定法律。
很多私掠船长成为了海盗。
作为海盗，他们不需要遵循战争的法律。
他们可以攻击任何船只-
把所有的财宝占为己有！

Privateers were given a small share of the profits,
 but they had to follow certain rules of war.
 Many privateers became pirates instead. 
 As pirates, they didn't have to 
 follow the rules of war. 
 They could attack any ship—
 and keep all the treasure for themselves!

黑胡子叫他的船员把财宝装到其他船只上。
他听说如果海盗自首的话，英格兰会给他们自由。
他支走了他的一个船长，来看看这是不是真的。

Blackbeard told his men to put
the treasure aboard the other ships.
 He had heard that England was
letting pirates go free 
 if they turned themselves in. 
 He sent one of his captains off
to see if it was true.

但是，黑胡子很快故技重施。
他主动提出如果州长允许他抢劫驶离卡罗莱纳海岸船只的话，
他可以分享他的战利品。
在这样的支持下，
黑胡子开始用他仅剩的船只，冒险号，攻击货船。

Blackbeard soon returned to
his old tricks, though.
 He offered to share his loot 
 if the governor would allow him to 
 rob ships sailing off the Carolina coast. 
 With this backing, 
Blackbeard began attacking cargo ships 
in his remaining ship, the Adventure.

Blackbeard the Pirate

Introduction
 People around the world 
 celebrate the harvest season, 
 a time when the crops are 
 ready to be gathered and
 eaten or stored for the year 
 ahead. In the United States, 
 people celebrate the harvest 
 in November. This celebration 
 is called Thanksgiving.

Evan’s family goes to 
 Grandma’s house. They feast 
 on food such as turkey and 
 pumpkin pie. Family members 
 tell what they are thankful
 for, and Grandpa tells the 
 story of the First 
 Thanksgiving. After dinner,
 Evan plays with his cousins.

Yam Festival
 People in West Africa and 
 the South Pacific Islands 
 celebrate the Yam Festival. 
 In early August, Bem and
 Sade and their parents 
 gather yams from a Nigerian 
 field. It is the end of 
 the rainy season there. 
 Yams are the most common 
 food in these regions, and 
 the first crop to be
 harvested in Nigeria.

The night before the festival 
 begins, the children help 
 throw out any yams left over 
 from last year. They scrub 
 all the pots, especially the
 wooden bowls in which cooked
 yams are mashed.

The next morning, they 
 offer the freshly harvested 
 yams to the gods and their 
 ancestors in special
 ceremonies. This is the way 
 they thank the spirits for 
 a good crop. No one eats 
 any new
 yams until this is done.

After the ceremonies, 
 yams are divided among 
 the villagers. Everyone 
 cooks dishes made with
 yams and other vegetables. 
 The festival lasts many 
 days in Bem and
 Sade’s village.

Chuseok
 Like Bem and Sade, Shin honors
 her ancestors. The Harvest Moon
 Festival in Korea is called 
 Chuseok. Like the Yam Festival, 
 it is celebrated in August.
 Shin travels with her family 
 to the village of her ancestors. 
 When they arrive, Shin helps 
 the women prepare food. The night 
 before the festival begins, 
 Shin’s mother dresses in 
 costume and joins other
 women in a circle dance.

The next morning everyone 
 dresses in their best clothes. 
 They visit the graves of 
 their ancestors. Shin carries 
 rice cakes stuffed with sesame 
 seeds. She bows and places
 her offering on the grave. She
 says, “Good fortune, ancestor.”
 Her father bows and asks if the
 ancestors are pleased with him.
 Her mother bows and tells the
 ancestors they are happy as
 a family.

Then there is a feast of 
 fresh rice cakes, persimmons, 
 mushrooms, and chestnuts. They 
 give thanks for the harvest. 
 Shin likes the stories Mother 
 tells of her ancestors. Later, 
 Shin plays tug-of-war with
 friends. She laughs at the men
 who dress as tortoises. They 
 dance around the village and 
 sing for food and drink.

Sukkoth
 In Israel, Abel and Ilana
 have a different way of 
 celebrating the harvest 
 and honoring their ancestors. 
 The celebration is called
 Sukkoth, and it’s held 
 in September or October. 
 Abel helps his father
 build a three-sided hut 
 in their garden.

They make the roof from 
 corn stalks. They leave 
 holes where they can see 
 the sky. The family will 
 eat their meals in the hut 
 for the next week. Abel hopes 
 he can sleep in it at night.
 Ilana comes to help decorate 
 the hut with squash and corn.

Father explains why they 
 build a hut. “It’s to 
 remember our ancestors.
 They built huts in the 
 fields at harvest time. 
 They slept there so they 
 wouldn’t have to walk so 
 far each day.” The hut 
 reminds them of how 
 far their ancestors had 
 to walk on their journey 
 to the promised land.

There are seven days of feasting
 and religious services. Abel and
 Ilana prepare lulavs (loo- LAWVs) 
 by cutting a palm branch, two 
 willow branches, and three myrtle
 branches. Then they tie them
 together. The family joins other 
 families to walk to the synagogue. 
 They wave the lulav in their right 
 hands and carry an etrog (es-ROG),
 a citrus fruit, in their left.

Conclusion
 When people around the world
 leave their homes to find 
 new ones, they often take 
 their celebrations with 
 them. Sometimes they find 
 ways to mix old traditions 
 with new ones. But no 
 matter where they are, 
 families give thanks
 for food and each other.

Celebrating Food and Family

Introduction 
Imagine you are a turtle stuck on 
one side of a six-lane freeway. On 
the other side is food, room to roam, 
and maybe even a mate. Huge metal 
monsters race past you. They move 
much faster than you ever can. How 
can you hope to safely cross without
being flattened?

Many animals—not just turtles— 
face the dangers of crossing roads 
every day. Some make it across, 
while others don't. Humans can 
help these animals safely move to 
the other side by building critter 
crossings, or ecopassages. They 
come in many different types, but 
they all help animals—including 
humans—stay alive.

Banff Is the Best 
Banff National Park in Canada 
has some of the most beautiful 
mountains in North America. It 
also has the Trans-Canada Highway 
running through it. During the busy 
summer, the highway may carry 
more than 25,000 vehicles each day. 
It used to be the site of hundreds of
collisions between animals and 
vehicles each year.

Then Parks Canada
built over thirty
animal underpasses 
and overpasses (with more planned 
for the future). The crossings cost 
millions of dollars and raised an 
important question:
what if the animals
didn’t use them?

Keeping Track 
People use different methods to keep track of 
animals using the crossings. Cameras at some crossings 
take pictures whenever an animal uses them. Other 
crossings use soft dirt or sand track pads. Animals
leave footprints on these pads when they pass through.
Humans can study the tracks in the pads before raking
them clean.

That first year, only one black bear 
and one mountain lion used the Banff 
crossings—one time each. Today, 
however, all sorts of animals move 
above and below the highway. As 
of 2011, animals have used the passes 
to cross more than 220,000 times.

Look Out for the Little Guy 
Massachusetts created the first U.S. 
tunnels for the spotted salamander. 
Each year, these endangered animals 
migrate from the forest, across a 
busy street, to the water to mate. 
Two narrow tunnels under the road 
now let them migrate in safety.

Florida wanted to save the lives 
of thousands of snakes, frogs, and 
other small animals. So the state 
built walls along either side 
of U.S. 441. Each wall is 42 inches 
(107 cm) high. At the top of each 
wall is a 6-inch (15 cm) lip that 
these small animals cannot climb 
over. This lip keeps the animals 
off the surface of the road. Tunnels 
underneath the road help the 
animals cross to the other side.

Why Bother? 
Building these crossings costs 
millions of dollars, which some 
might argue is too much money. 
Consider this: each year in the 
United States, there are more than 
one million collisions between 
vehicles and animals. These crashes 
kill over 200 people per year and 
cost billions of dollars in repairs, 
cleanup, and hospital bills.

Building
more animal crossings would lower
the number of crashes. For example,
the crossings in Banff cut the
number of animals killed by
vehicles by more than 80 percent.
The smaller number of collisions
saves money and the lives of
humans and many other animals.

Even More Reasons 
Sometimes these crossings can save 
animals from extinction. The number 
of grizzly bears in Banff is very low. 
A few adult females killed on the 
road could have meant the end of 
these bears in the park. Thanks to 
the passages, though, the grizzly 
bears can cross the highway safely. 
For other endangered animals, a safe 
crossing may not only save the 
animal, but the entire species.

Ecopassages also help large animals 
find food. Mountain lions and bears 
may roam hundreds of miles during 
the year to find prey. Roads can cut
up habitats and sometimes keep 
animals from being able to move 
freely. Species that can't cross roads
to reach food have less of a chance
to survive.

Animals need to find mates, as well. 
Roads can keep members of the 
same species apart. If they can't 
find a mate, they can't have babies. 
Without babies, a species can 
quickly disappear from an area. In
some cases, it can even lead to the
extinction of a species.

Conclusion 
Imagine you are the turtle again. 
The metal monsters race by. This 
time, though, someone has built an 
animal crossing. You happen to look 
down and spot a tunnel that leads 
underneath the road. You slowly 
make your way toward the tunnel. 
You are
safe for one
more day.

Did You Know? 
Some turtles can take more than 
seven hours to cross a two-lane road!

Critter Crossings

Written by Robert Charles
 Illustrated by Chris Baldwin

One delightfully sunny day, 
 a large crow flew over 
 Mrs. McNutty’s house. 
 Looking down, he spotted 
 a big, freshly baked pie 
 cooling on the windowsill. 
 Because pie was about his 
 favorite thing in the 
 world, he swooped down 
 for a closer look.

As the crow glided by,
 he could tell that nobody 
 was home. He safely landed 
 on the windowsill and eyed 
 the wonderful-smelling pie.
 The crow became especially 
 excited to see that it was 
 a cherry pie. “ Oh boy, 
 delicious cherry pie. My
 favorite,” he said. 
 “And it’s all mine.”

Just as he was about to take 
 his first bite, a second crow 
 flapped down and landed on 
 the windowsill with a thump. 
 “ That’s a mighty big and 
 tasty-looking pie,” she cawed. 
 “You don’t intend to eat it 
 all by yourself, do you?”
 “ Well, I was sure thinking 
 I would,” answered the first 
 crow. “Since I found it 
 first, it’s all mine.”

“ Don’t be so selfish,” replied 
 the second crow. “You can 
 certainly see that there’s enough 
 pie for two hungry crows. Besides, 
 you’ll feel far better sharing 
 the pie than you will getting 
 a tummy ache from eating 
 the entire thing. So how about
 giving some of it to me?”
 The first crow took a few 
 moments to think.

“ I suppose I could share 
 it with you. After all, it 
 is a very large pie. How do 
 you propose we divide it?” 
 he asked. “ Let’s just split 
 it down the middle,” offered 
 the second crow. “That way
 you get one half, and I get 
 the other half. It’s fair 
 if we each get equal halves 
 of the pie, isn’t it?”

“I suppose so,” said 
 the first crow. The crow 
 sliced the pie in half. 
 Just as he finished 
 cutting, two more crows 
 landed with a flutter of 
 black wings. They stared 
 at the pie with
 bright, greedy eyes.

“ How about offering 
 some of that tasty-looking 
 pie to us?” they begged.

The first and second 
 crows glanced at each 
 other, wondering whether
 or not they could bear 
 to give away some of 
 the pie. They finally
 agreed that sharing was 
 a good thing, so they 
 decided to split the pie 
 with the other two crows.

“How do we cut up the 
 pie now?” asked the first 
 crow. The second crow, 
 being the smarter of the 
 two, suggested dividing 
 each of the halves down 
 the middle. “ Cutting 
 each half into two pieces
 will make four equal 
 slices. Each of us will 
 have one-fourth of 
 the pie,” she said.

江家小朋友的学习园地